Instrument Flight Procedures

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Instrument Flight Procedures

Instrument Flight Procedures includes the design, implementation and use of instument flight procedures for all phases of flight in the vicinity of an aerodrome, as well as the transition to and from en-route airspace, and associated procedures. The domain also encompasses new capabilities such as performance-based navigation (PBN) as well as the emerging requirements for increased accuracy, the use of automation, the need for quality assurance and the consideration of environmental issues in instrument flight procedure designs.

 

DEFINITION OF INSTRUMENT FLIGHT PROCEDURES

In short, an instrument flight procedure is the description of a series of predetermined flight manoeuvres by reference to flight instruments, published by electronic and/or printed means (Eurocontrol, 2016).

It is a published procedure used by aircraft flying in accordance with the instrument flight rules which is designed to achieve and maintain an acceptable level of safety in operations and includes one or more of the following: an instrument approach procedure, a standard instrument departure (SID), a planned departure route and a standard instrument arrival (STAR) (IAA, 2020).

Instrument approach procedures provides the horizontal and sometimes vertical path(s), depending on the procedure, to the Decision Altitude/Height (DA/DH) or Minimum Descent Altitude/Height (MDA/MDH). If visual contact has not been acquired at that point, a Missed Approach Procedure (MAP) is initiated. These approaches are of two main types: 2D and 3D approaches. 2D approaches only provide lateral guidance, leaving the pilot with the decision regarding a suitable Rate of Descent (ROD) to achieve a Continuous Descent Final Approach (CDFA). 3D approaches provide both lateral and vertical guidance so the pilots can compare their flight path to a Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) and a Glide Path (GP) indicator (OSM Aviation Academy, 2020).

 

What falls under Instrument Flight Procedures?

According to the Instrument Flight Procedures Panel (IFPP), the following areas of expertise are an integral part of instrument flight procedures (ICAO, 2014):

  • new instrument flight procedure (IFP) design criteria to address improvements in air navigation, evolving aircraft capabilities and new operational concepts;
  • instrument flight procedure oversight requirements;
  • harmonization of charting criteria, databases, and avionics systems guidance with IFP design standards;
  • elements of instrument flight procedures that are enablers for the facilitation of an efficient communication between ATC and Flight Crews;
  • necessary amendments (maintenance) to existing instrument flight procedures provisions: ILS, MLS, LPV, LNAV/VNAV, LOC, VOR, NDB, etc.

For more information, visit one of the following WIKIFATCA pages:

Instrument Flight Procedures 91

  1. AAS 1.11 “FLY-BY” AND “FLY-OVER” WAYPOINTS
  2. AAS 1.15 CONCEPT OF GNSS-BASED ALTITUDE
  3. AAS 1.4 REQUIRED NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE (RNP) and AREA NAVIGATION (RNAV)
  4. AAS 1.7 DISPLAY OF GNSS STATUS TO ATC
  5. AAS 1.9 REMOVAL OF GROUND BASED AIDS
  6. ADME 2.8 ADVANCED APPROACH PROCEDURES
  7. ADME 2.9 REQUIRED NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE (RNP) FOR APPROACH AND LANDING
  8. Aerodrome – Categorization of Approach Types
  9. Air Traffic Management for Tiltrotors
  10. Airspace Design and Procedures Controller Involvement
  11. Amendment to Current Policy on RNAV Procedural Separation Minima
  12. ATS – Study Restrictions in the Enroute Environment
  13. ATS – Study SID and STAR Design
  14. ATS 3.2 CLEARANCES
  15. ATS 3.22 MISSED APPROACH PROCEDURES FOR VISUAL APPROACHES
  16. ATS 3.23 INSTRUMENT DEPARTURES AND ARRIVALS
  17. ATS 3.24 EN-ROUTE RESTRICTIONS
  18. ATS 3.25 CONTINUOUS DESCENT OPERATIONS (CDO) AND CONTINOUS CLIMB OPERATIONS (CCO)
  19. ATS 3.27 SID AND STAR NAMING
  20. ATS 3.34 TERRAIN AND OBSTACLE CLEARANCE RESPONSIBILITIES
  21. ATS 3.35 TERRAIN AND OBSTACLE CHARTING
  22. ATS 3.42 HELICOPTER OPERATIONS
  23. ATS 3.8 RADAR MONITORING
  24. Autoland Communication Between Pilots and Controllers in Good Weather Conditions
  25. Civilian and Military Integration in the Same Workspace
  26. COM 4.12 AUTOLAND COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PILOTS AND CONTROLLERS
  27. Compatibility in Clearances Issued
  28. Concept of GNSS-Based Altitude
  29. Developments in the use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) as an Approach Aid
  30. Dynamic and Flexible ATS Route Systems
  31. Environmental Issues in ATM
  32. From RNAV Visual Approaches to Visual Guided Approaches Supplemented by RNAV
  33. Harmonised Transition Altitude
  34. Introduction to GNSS Landing Systems
  35. Investigate Basic / Advanced Continuous Descent Approaches
  36. Investigate Navigation and Surveillance Provided by a Single Position Information System
  37. Investigate Operational Use of Level Restrictions in SIDs, STARs and other Published Routes
  38. MLS Operational Procedures
  39. Monitor the Application and Implementation of RNAV
  40. Monitoring TIBA
  41. Off–Set Tracking in the North Atlantic (NAT)
  42. Optimisation of Climb and Descent Profiles and Fuel Economy
  43. Policy Review AAS 1.8 – 4D Trajectory Concepts / Management
  44. Policy Review: Strategic Lateral Offset Procedures (SLOP)
  45. Produce Definitions of “Fly-by” and “Fly-over”
  46. Radar Monitoring Procedures in TMAs
  47. Radio Mandatory Zones / Transponder Mandatory Zones
  48. Removal of Ground Based Aids
  49. Report of Visual Approach Procedures
  50. Review Continuous Descent Operations Manual
  51. Review ICAO Manual on Performance Based Navigation
  52. Review of IFATCA Policy Concerning Helicopter Operations
  53. Review of Policy on Advanced Approach Procedures
  54. Review of Policy on Area Navigation
  55. Review of Policy on MLS
  56. Review of Policy on Precision Area Navigation
  57. Review policy of ACAS / TCAS
  58. Review Provisional Policy on Missed Approach after Visual Approach
  59. Revision of Advanced Approach Policy
  60. RNAV – Monitoring its Implementation
  61. RNAV Procedural Separation – Amendment of Current Policy
  62. RNAV Procedural Separation – Longitudinal Distance Standard Minima
  63. RNP for Approach and Landing
  64. RNP for Approach and Landing
  65. Separation in Class E Airspace
  66. SID/STAR Phraseology
  67. Simultaneous Operations on Intersecting Runways
  68. Study Continuous Climb Operations
  69. Study Go Around Procedures When on Visual Approach
  70. Study Merging and Sequencing Concepts
  71. Study of User Driven Prioritisation Process (UDPP)
  72. Study SID and STAR Naming and Relevant FMS Design
  73. Study the Concept of Block Upgrades
  74. Study the Operation of Aircraft Flight Management Systems
  75. Study Visual Separation on Approach
  76. Surveillance Applications Policy – Applications of Radar Monitoring
  77. Terrain and Obstacle Charting
  78. Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Responsibilities
  79. Terrain Clearance and Airspace Design
  80. The “Free Flight Concept” – Human Factors Considerations
  81. The Development of MLS Continues
  82. The Development of the Microwave Landing System ( MLS)
  83. The Use of GNSS – ATC
  84. The Use of GNSS as a Runway Approach Aid
  85. The Use of Lateral Offsets
  86. The Use of Lateral Offsets
  87. The Use of Non-flight Plannable Levels in the Nat Region for Contingency
  88. TPM Review – ATS Editorials
  89. Transition Altitudes
  90. Use of Datalink in A Microwave Landing System
  91. WC 10.2.11 THE “FREE FLIGHT CONCEPT” HUMAN FACTORS CONSIDERATIONS

Last Update: September 19, 2020  

October 27, 2019   1533   superman    WIKI  

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