In some areas separation between aircraft seems to be achieved merely by those aircraft being under the control of different authorities, with no agreed procedure between the authorities as to who is providing the separation and how.

Having a situation where aircraft are considered to be separated by merely being on one side or the other of a border is not acceptable. Separation standards should be in place and applied.

States and ANSPs should endeavour to overcome/sidestep political issues in order to ensure that primary objectives (i.e. safe separation of aircraft) are met.